Class 10 Science Chapter 11 Electricity
1. What is the primary function of a switch in an electric circuit?
(A) To increase the current flow
(B) To decrease the resistance
(C) To complete or break the circuit
(D) To store electrical energy
Answer
Answer: (C) To complete or break the circuit
2. What is the SI unit of electric charge?
(A) Ampere
(B) Coulomb
(C) Volt
(D) Ohm
Answer
Answer: (B) Coulomb
3. Which of the following statements about electric current is correct?
(A) Electric current is the flow of neutrons
(B) Electric current is the rate of flow of electric charge
(C) Electric current is measured in volts
(D) Electric current flows from negative to positive in conventional circuits
Answer
Answer: (B) Electric current is the rate of flow of electric charge
4. How is electric current conventionally defined?
(A) As the flow of electrons
(B) As the flow of protons
(C) As the flow of positive charges
(D) As the movement of neutrons
Answer
Answer: (C) As the flow of positive charges
5. If a net charge of 6 coulombs flows through a conductor in 2 seconds, what is the current?
(A) 2 A
(B) 3 A
(C) 6 A
(D) 12 A
Answer
Answer: (B) 3 A
6. What is the SI unit of electric current?
(A) Coulomb
(B) Volt
(C) Ampere
(D) Ohm
Answer
Answer: (C) Ampere
7. Which scientist is the unit of electric current named after?
(A) Michael Faraday
(B) Andre-Marie Ampere
(C) Alessandro Volta
(D) Georg Simon Ohm
Answer
Answer: (B) Andre-Marie Ampere
8. What is the charge of one electron?
(A) 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C
(B) 6 × 10¹⁸ C
(C) 9.1 × 10⁻³¹ C
(D) 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁶ C
Answer
Answer: (A) 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C
9. How is an ammeter connected in a circuit to measure current?
(A) In parallel
(B) In series
(C) Either in series or parallel
(D) Not connected in the circuit
Answer
Answer: (B) In series
10. A current of 0.5 A flows through a filament of an electric bulb for 10 minutes. What is the total charge flowing through the filament?
(A) 150 C
(B) 200 C
(C) 300 C
(D) 600 C
Answer
Answer: (C) 300 C
11. What is the cause of the flow of electric charge in a conductor?
(A) Gravitational force
(B) Potential difference
(C) Magnetic field
(D) Mechanical energy
Answer
Answer: (B) Potential difference
12. Which of the following devices is used to measure potential difference?
(A) Ammeter
(B) Galvanometer
(C) Voltmeter
(D) Rheostat
Answer
Answer: (C) Voltmeter
13. What is the SI unit of electric potential difference?
(A) Joule
(B) Coulomb
(C) Volt
(D) Ohm
Answer
Answer: (C) Volt
14. One volt is defined as:
(A) 1 Joule per coulomb
(B) 1 Coulomb per second
(C) 1 Ampere per second
(D) 1 Newton per meter
Answer
Answer: (A) 1 Joule per coulomb
15. If 24 J of work is required to move 2 C of charge between two points, what is the potential difference between them?
(A) 12 V
(B) 24 V
(C) 48 V
(D) 6 V
Answer
Answer: (A) 12 V
16. What is the function of a battery in an electric circuit?
(A) To increase resistance
(B) To measure current
(C) To provide potential difference
(D) To stop the flow of electrons
Answer
Answer: (C) To provide potential difference
17. How is a voltmeter connected in a circuit to measure potential difference?
(A) In series
(B) In parallel
(C) Both in series and parallel
(D) Neither in series nor in parallel
Answer
Answer: (B) In parallel
18. Which scientist is the unit of electric potential difference named after?
(A) Georg Simon Ohm
(B) Michael Faraday
(C) Alessandro Volta
(D) Andre-Marie Ampere
Answer
Answer: (C) Alessandro Volta
19. What does a higher potential difference between two points in a circuit indicate?
(A) More resistance
(B) Greater charge flow
(C) Less current
(D) No electron movement
Answer
Answer: (B) Greater charge flow
20. If a charge of 3 coulombs is moved through a potential difference of 6 V, how much work is done?
(A) 18 J
(B) 12 J
(C) 6 J
(D) 3 J
Answer
Answer: (A) 18 J
21. What is the purpose of using symbols in an electric circuit diagram?
(A) To make circuits more complex
(B) To simplify circuit representation
(C) To increase the resistance
(D) To measure electric current
Answer
Answer: (B) To simplify circuit representation
22. Which of the following is the correct symbol for a battery in a circuit diagram?
(A) A single long and short line
(B) Two or more long and short lines in an alternating pattern
(C) A rectangle
(D) A zig-zag line
Answer
Answer: (B) Two or more long and short lines in an alternating pattern
23. What is the function of a plug key in an electric circuit?
(A) To control the resistance
(B) To complete or break the circuit
(C) To measure voltage
(D) To store charge
Answer
Answer: (B) To complete or break the circuit
24. How is a wire joint represented in a circuit diagram?
(A) Two lines crossing without a dot
(B) Two lines meeting with a dot
(C) A zig-zag line
(D) A rectangle
Answer
Answer: (B) Two lines meeting with a dot
25. In a circuit diagram, how is a voltmeter connected to measure potential difference?
(A) In series with the circuit
(B) In parallel across the component
(C) Connected to the battery only
(D) Inserted in the main current path
Answer
Answer: (B) In parallel across the component
26. What does Ohm’s law state?
(A) Current is directly proportional to resistance
(B) Voltage is inversely proportional to resistance
(C) Current is directly proportional to voltage
(D) Resistance is directly proportional to voltage
Answer
Answer: (C) Current is directly proportional to voltage
27. What is the SI unit of resistance?
(A) Volt
(B) Ohm
(C) Coulomb
(D) Ampere
Answer
Answer: (B) Ohm
28. If the resistance of a conductor is 1 ohm, what does it mean?
(A) 1 A of current flows when 1 V is applied
(B) 1 V of current flows when 1 A is applied
(C) 1 C of charge flows in 1 second
(D) 1 J of work is done per coulomb
Answer
Answer: (A) 1 A of current flows when 1 V is applied
29. Which of the following factors does not affect the resistance of a conductor?
(A) Length of the conductor
(B) Material of the conductor
(C) Temperature of the conductor
(D) Amount of current flowing through the conductor
Answer
Answer: (D) Amount of current flowing through the conductor
30. What happens to the current if the resistance of a circuit is doubled while keeping the voltage constant?
(A) It doubles
(B) It remains the same
(C) It becomes half
(D) It becomes zero
Answer
Answer: (C) It becomes half
31. According to Ohm’s law, what happens to the current if the voltage is tripled while the resistance remains constant?
(A) It remains the same
(B) It becomes one-third
(C) It triples
(D) It becomes zero
Answer
Answer: (C) It triples
32. What is the relationship between resistance (R), potential difference (V), and current (I) according to Ohm’s law?
(A) V = IR
(B) I = VR
(C) R = VI
(D) V = I/R
Answer
Answer: (A) V = IR
33. Which of the following correctly represents 1 ohm?
(A) 1 V / 1 A
(B) 1 A / 1 V
(C) 1 C / 1 s
(D) 1 J / 1 C
Answer
Answer: (A) 1 V / 1 A
34. If the potential difference across a resistor is 10V and the current flowing through it is 2A, what is its resistance?
(A) 20 ohms
(B) 5 ohms
(C) 2 ohms
(D) 10 ohms
Answer
Answer: (B) 5 ohms
35. Which device is commonly used to regulate current in a circuit?
(A) Ammeter
(B) Voltmeter
(C) Rheostat
(D) Galvanometer
Answer
Answer: (C) Rheostat
36. What happens to the resistance of a wire if its length is doubled while keeping the cross-sectional area the same?
(A) It remains the same
(B) It doubles
(C) It becomes half
(D) It becomes four times
Answer
Answer: (B) It doubles
37. How does the resistance of a conductor change if its cross-sectional area is doubled while keeping its length the same?
(A) It remains unchanged
(B) It doubles
(C) It becomes half
(D) It becomes one-fourth
Answer
Answer: (C) It becomes half
38. Which of the following materials is a good conductor of electricity?
(A) Rubber
(B) Glass
(C) Copper
(D) Wood
Answer
Answer: (C) Copper
39. What is the SI unit of resistivity?
(A) Ohm-meter
(B) Ohm per meter
(C) Ohm per square meter
(D) Ohm per second
Answer
Answer: (A) Ohm-meter
40. What does the resistivity of a material depend on?
(A) Length of the conductor
(B) Cross-sectional area of the conductor
(C) Nature of the material
(D) Both length and area
Answer
Answer: (C) Nature of the material
41. Which of the following statements about resistance is correct?
(A) Resistance is directly proportional to length and cross-sectional area
(B) Resistance is inversely proportional to length
(C) Resistance is directly proportional to length and inversely proportional to cross-sectional area
(D) Resistance is independent of material
Answer
Answer: (C) Resistance is directly proportional to length and inversely proportional to cross-sectional area
42. The resistivity of a material is expressed in which unit?
(A) Ohm-meter
(B) Ohm per meter
(C) Ohm per square meter
(D) Ohm per second
Answer
Answer: (A) Ohm-meter
43. Which of the following has the highest electrical resistivity?
(A) Copper
(B) Nichrome
(C) Silver
(D) Aluminium
Answer
Answer: (B) Nichrome
44. If the length of a conductor is halved and the cross-sectional area is doubled, what happens to its resistance?
(A) It remains the same
(B) It becomes half
(C) It becomes one-fourth
(D) It doubles
Answer
Answer: (C) It becomes one-fourth
45. What is the typical range of resistivity for conductors like metals?
(A) 10⁻¹² to 10⁻⁸ ohm-meter
(B) 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻⁶ ohm-meter
(C) 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻² ohm-meter
(D) 10² to 10⁴ ohm-meter
Answer
Answer: (B) 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻⁶ ohm-meter
46. Which of the following materials is commonly used for electrical transmission lines due to its low resistivity?
(A) Iron
(B) Nichrome
(C) Copper
(D) Glass
Answer
Answer: (C) Copper
47. Why are alloys like nichrome used in heating elements instead of pure metals?
(A) They have lower resistivity
(B) They oxidize easily
(C) They have higher resistivity and do not burn easily at high temperatures
(D) They conduct electricity better than copper
Answer
Answer: (C) They have higher resistivity and do not burn easily at high temperatures
48. Which property of a material determines its ability to resist the flow of electric current?
(A) Density
(B) Resistivity
(C) Conductivity
(D) Melting point
Answer
Answer: (B) Resistivity
49. Which of the following materials is an insulator with very high resistivity?
(A) Silver
(B) Aluminium
(C) Rubber
(D) Copper
Answer
Answer: (C) Rubber
50. How does the resistivity of a conductor change with an increase in temperature?
(A) It decreases
(B) It increases
(C) It remains the same
(D) It first increases and then decreases
Answer
Answer: (B) It increases
51. What is the SI unit of electric current?
(A) Volt
(B) Ohm
(C) Coulomb
(D) Ampere
Answer
Answer: (D) Ampere
52. In a metallic conductor, electric current is constituted by the flow of:
(A) Protons
(B) Neutrons
(C) Electrons
(D) Positrons
Answer
Answer: (C) Electrons
53. The direction of conventional current in a circuit is:
(A) Same as the flow of electrons
(B) Opposite to the flow of electrons
(C) In a circular motion
(D) Random
Answer
Answer: (B) Opposite to the flow of electrons
54. A device used to measure electric current in a circuit is called:
(A) Voltmeter
(B) Ammeter
(C) Galvanometer
(D) Ohmmeter
Answer
Answer: (B) Ammeter
55. If a net charge of 300 C flows through a conductor in 600 seconds, what is the current?
(A) 0.5 A
(B) 1 A
(C) 5 A
(D) 50 A
Answer
Answer: (A) 0.5 A
56. What is the SI unit of electric potential difference?
(A) Coulomb
(B) Volt
(C) Ohm
(D) Ampere
Answer
Answer: (B) Volt
57. Electric potential difference between two points is defined as:
(A) Work done per unit charge
(B) Charge per unit time
(C) Energy per unit resistance
(D) Power per unit time
Answer
Answer: (A) Work done per unit charge
58. Which instrument is used to measure electric potential difference?
(A) Ammeter
(B) Galvanometer
(C) Voltmeter
(D) Ohmmeter
Answer
Answer: (C) Voltmeter
59. What is the potential difference when 1 joule of work is done to move 1 coulomb of charge?
(A) 1 volt
(B) 1 ampere
(C) 1 ohm
(D) 1 watt
Answer
Answer: (A) 1 volt
60. A battery produces potential difference by:
(A) Mechanical action
(B) Magnetic force
(C) Chemical reactions
(D) Nuclear reactions
Answer
Answer: (C) Chemical reactions
61. What is the function of a battery in an electric circuit?
(A) To measure current
(B) To generate mechanical energy
(C) To provide potential difference
(D) To decrease resistance
Answer
Answer: (C) To provide potential difference
62. Which of the following is the correct relation for potential difference?
(A) V = W/Q
(B) V = Q/W
(C) V = I/R
(D) V = IR^2
Answer
Answer: (A) V = W/Q
63. The voltmeter should always be connected:
(A) In series with the component
(B) In parallel with the component
(C) In series with the battery
(D) At the end of the circuit
Answer
Answer: (B) In parallel with the component
64. What is the SI unit of work done in moving a charge?
(A) Coulomb
(B) Volt
(C) Joule
(D) Ohm
Answer
Answer: (C) Joule
65. How much work is done in moving a charge of 2 C across two points with a potential difference of 12 V?
(A) 6 J
(B) 24 J
(C) 12 J
(D) 2 J
Answer
Answer: (B) 24 J
66. What is the purpose of a circuit diagram?
(A) To measure resistance
(B) To visually represent an electric circuit
(C) To generate electricity
(D) To store electrical energy
Answer
Answer: (B) To visually represent an electric circuit
67. Which of the following is the correct symbol for a battery in a circuit diagram?
(A) —●—●—
(B) —| |—
(C) —◯—
(D) —∧—
Answer
Answer: (B) —| |—
68. In a circuit diagram, a closed plug key is represented by:
(A) —( )—
(B) —o o—
(C) —| |—
(D) —.—
Answer
Answer: (C) —| |—
69. What happens if the plug key in a circuit is open?
(A) Current flows normally
(B) The circuit is broken and current stops
(C) Voltage increases
(D) Resistance becomes zero
Answer
Answer: (B) The circuit is broken and current stops
70. Which device is used to measure potential difference in a circuit?
(A) Ammeter
(B) Voltmeter
(C) Galvanometer
(D) Rheostat
Answer
Answer: (B) Voltmeter
71. Which scientist formulated Ohm’s Law?
(A) Andre-Marie Ampere
(B) Alessandro Volta
(C) Georg Simon Ohm
(D) Michael Faraday
Answer
Answer: (C) Georg Simon Ohm
72. According to Ohm’s Law, the potential difference (V) across a conductor is:
(A) Directly proportional to the resistance
(B) Directly proportional to the current
(C) Inversely proportional to the current
(D) Independent of the current
Answer
Answer: (B) Directly proportional to the current
73. What is the mathematical expression for Ohm’s Law?
(A) V = IR
(B) V = I/R
(C) V = I²R
(D) V = R/I
Answer
Answer: (A) V = IR
74. What is the SI unit of resistance?
(A) Volt
(B) Ohm
(C) Ampere
(D) Coulomb
Answer
Answer: (B) Ohm
75. If the potential difference across a conductor is 6V and the current through it is 2A, what is its resistance?
(A) 12 Ω
(B) 3 Ω
(C) 0.33 Ω
(D) 8 Ω
Answer
Answer: (B) 3 Ω
76. What is the function of a rheostat in an electric circuit?
(A) To measure voltage
(B) To change the resistance
(C) To generate current
(D) To store charge
Answer
Answer: (B) To change the resistance
77. Which of the following is an effect of increasing resistance in a circuit?
(A) Increases current
(B) Decreases current
(C) Increases voltage
(D) Decreases voltage
Answer
Answer: (B) Decreases current
78. What happens to the current if the resistance is doubled while keeping the voltage constant?
(A) It doubles
(B) It remains the same
(C) It becomes half
(D) It becomes zero
Answer
Answer: (C) It becomes half
79. What does the resistance of a conductor depend on?
(A) Only its length
(B) Only its area of cross-section
(C) Its length, area of cross-section, and material
(D) Only the material of the conductor
Answer
Answer: (C) Its length, area of cross-section, and material
80. If the length of a conductor is doubled, what happens to its resistance?
(A) It doubles
(B) It becomes half
(C) It remains the same
(D) It becomes one-fourth
Answer
Answer: (A) It doubles
81. How does the resistance of a conductor change if its cross-sectional area is doubled?
(A) It doubles
(B) It becomes half
(C) It remains the same
(D) It becomes one-fourth
Answer
Answer: (B) It becomes half
82. Which material has the highest electrical resistivity?
(A) Silver
(B) Nichrome
(C) Copper
(D) Aluminium
Answer
Answer: (B) Nichrome
83. What is the SI unit of electrical resistivity?
(A) Ohm-meter
(B) Ohm per meter
(C) Volt per ampere
(D) Coulomb per second
Answer
Answer: (A) Ohm-meter
84. What happens to the resistance of a wire when both its length and cross-sectional area are doubled?
(A) It remains the same
(B) It doubles
(C) It becomes half
(D) It becomes one-fourth
Answer
Answer: (A) It remains the same
85. Which of the following materials is considered a good conductor of electricity?
(A) Nichrome
(B) Glass
(C) Silver
(D) Rubber
Answer
Answer: (C) Silver
86. What is the relationship between resistance (R) and resistivity (ρ) of a material?
(A) R = ρ × (l/A)
(B) R = ρ × (A/l)
(C) R = l × A
(D) R = ρ/l
Answer
Answer: (A) R = ρ × (l/A)
87. How does the resistance of a metallic conductor change with an increase in temperature?
(A) Increases
(B) Decreases
(C) Remains constant
(D) First decreases, then increases
Answer
Answer: (A) Increases
88. Which of the following is an example of an insulator?
(A) Copper
(B) Silver
(C) Rubber
(D) Aluminium
Answer
Answer: (C) Rubber
89. Which of the following statements about resistance is true?
(A) It is inversely proportional to the length of the conductor
(B) It is directly proportional to the area of cross-section
(C) It depends on the material of the conductor
(D) It remains constant for all conductors
Answer
Answer: (C) It depends on the material of the conductor
90. What is the SI unit of electrical resistance?
(A) Ohm-meter
(B) Ohm
(C) Volt
(D) Ampere
Answer
Answer: (B) Ohm
91. Which material among the following has the lowest resistivity?
(A) Nichrome
(B) Copper
(C) Rubber
(D) Glass
Answer
Answer: (B) Copper
92. Why are alloys like nichrome used in electrical heating devices?
(A) They have high conductivity
(B) They have very low resistance
(C) They do not oxidize easily at high temperatures
(D) They decrease current flow
Answer
Answer: (C) They do not oxidize easily at high temperatures
93. If the resistance of a wire is 20Ω and its length is doubled while keeping the cross-sectional area constant, what will be the new resistance?
(A) 10Ω
(B) 20Ω
(C) 40Ω
(D) 80Ω
Answer
Answer: (C) 40Ω
94. What happens to the resistance of a conductor when its length is increased while keeping its cross-sectional area constant?
(A) Increases
(B) Decreases
(C) Remains unchanged
(D) First increases, then decreases
Answer
Answer: (A) Increases
95. Which of the following materials has the highest resistivity?
(A) Silver
(B) Copper
(C) Nichrome
(D) Glass
Answer
Answer: (D) Glass
96. What is the effect of increasing the cross-sectional area of a conductor on its resistance?
(A) Increases
(B) Decreases
(C) Remains unchanged
(D) First increases, then decreases
Answer
Answer: (B) Decreases
97. Why is tungsten used for making filaments of electric bulbs?
(A) It has low resistance
(B) It has a low melting point
(C) It has a high melting point and does not oxidize easily
(D) It is a good insulator
Answer
Answer: (C) It has a high melting point and does not oxidize easily
98. Which among the following is a poor conductor of electricity?
(A) Copper
(B) Aluminium
(C) Nichrome
(D) Silver
Answer
Answer: (C) Nichrome
99. What is the SI unit of electric charge?
(A) Coulomb
(B) Volt
(C) Ampere
(D) Ohm
Answer
Answer: (A) Coulomb
100. Which instrument is used to measure electric current in a circuit?
(A) Voltmeter
(B) Ammeter
(C) Galvanometer
(D) Ohmmeter
Answer
Answer: (B) Ammeter
101. What is the conventional direction of electric current?
(A) From negative to positive terminal
(B) From positive to negative terminal
(C) In both directions
(D) Randomly
Answer
Answer: (B) From positive to negative terminal
102. If a charge of 300 C flows in a circuit for 10 minutes, what is the current in the circuit?
(A) 0.5 A
(B) 5 A
(C) 0.05 A
(D) 50 A
Answer
Answer: (A) 0.5 A
103. What is the charge of a single electron?
(A) 1.6 × 10^19 C
(B) -1.6 × 10^-19 C
(C) 9.1 × 10^-31 C
(D) 6 × 10^18 C
Answer
Answer: (B) -1.6 × 10^-19 C
104. What is the SI unit of electric current?
(A) Coulomb
(B) Volt
(C) Ampere
(D) Ohm
Answer
Answer: (C) Ampere
105. Which scientist is the unit of electric current named after?
(A) Isaac Newton
(B) Andre-Marie Ampere
(C) Alessandro Volta
(D) James Watt
Answer
Answer: (B) Andre-Marie Ampere
106. How is electric current defined in terms of charge and time?
(A) I = Q/t
(B) I = Qt
(C) I = Q × t
(D) I = t/Q
Answer
Answer: (A) I = Q/t
107. What is the charge of one coulomb equivalent to?
(A) 1 electron
(B) 6 × 10^18 electrons
(C) 1.6 × 10^-19 electrons
(D) 9.1 × 10^-31 electrons
Answer
Answer: (B) 6 × 10^18 electrons
108. What is the relationship between 1 milliampere (mA) and ampere (A)?
(A) 1 mA = 10 A
(B) 1 mA = 10^-3 A
(C) 1 mA = 10^3 A
(D) 1 mA = 10^-6 A
Answer
Answer: (B) 1 mA = 10^-3 A
109. Which instrument is used to measure electric current in a circuit?
(A) Voltmeter
(B) Ammeter
(C) Galvanometer
(D) Ohmmeter
Answer
Answer: (B) Ammeter
110. How is an ammeter connected in a circuit to measure current?
(A) In parallel
(B) In series
(C) Either in series or parallel
(D) Not connected directly
Answer
Answer: (B) In series
111. What is the unit of potential difference?
(A) Ohm
(B) Coulomb
(C) Volt
(D) Ampere
Answer
Answer: (C) Volt
112. Which scientist is the unit of potential difference named after?
(A) Andre-Marie Ampere
(B) Alessandro Volta
(C) James Watt
(D) George Ohm
Answer
Answer: (B) Alessandro Volta
113. Which instrument is used to measure potential difference?
(A) Ammeter
(B) Voltmeter
(C) Galvanometer
(D) Multimeter
Answer
Answer: (B) Voltmeter
114. What causes the flow of electric charge in a conductor?
(A) Electric pressure difference
(B) Gravity
(C) Magnetism
(D) Friction
Answer
Answer: (A) Electric pressure difference
115. What is the potential difference between two points in a circuit defined as?
(A) Work done per unit charge
(B) Charge per unit time
(C) Current per unit resistance
(D) Resistance per unit charge
Answer
Answer: (A) Work done per unit charge
116. What is the SI unit of potential difference?
(A) Coulomb
(B) Ampere
(C) Ohm
(D) Volt
Answer
Answer: (D) Volt
117. Which device is used to measure potential difference?
(A) Ammeter
(B) Voltmeter
(C) Galvanometer
(D) Rheostat
Answer
Answer: (B) Voltmeter
118. What is 1 volt equivalent to in terms of work done and charge?
(A) 1 J/C
(B) 1 C/J
(C) 1 A/V
(D) 1 W/A
Answer
Answer: (A) 1 J/C
Class 10 Science Chapter 11 Electricity