Class 10 Chapter 3 Gender, Religion and Caste

mcqs = [ (“Which type of government system has multiple levels of government governing the same citizens?”, {“A”: “Unitary government”, “B”: “Federal government”, “C”: “Confederal government”, “D”: “Dictatorship”}, “B”), (“What are the two key features of federalism?”, {“A”: “Centralized power and limited regional authority”, “B”: “Regional autonomy and no central control”, “C”: “Mutual trust and agreement to live together”, “D”: “Decentralized control and no constitution”}, “C”), (“Which of the following countries is an example of a ‘holding together’ federation?”, {“A”: “United States”, “B”: “Switzerland”, “C”: “India”, “D”: “Australia”}, “C”), (“In a federal system, which of the following ensures the authority of different levels of government?”, {“A”: “Parliamentary approval”, “B”: “Presidential decree”, “C”: “Constitutional guarantee”, “D”: “Local government vote”}, “C”), (“Which of the following is a characteristic of unitary systems?”, {“A”: “Multiple levels of government with separate authority”, “B”: “Central government has control over all sub-units”, “C”: “State governments have independent power”, “D”: “Local governments have constitutional authority”}, “B”), (“What is the primary objective of a ‘coming together’ federation?”, {“A”: “To centralize power”, “B”: “To unify states for mutual security while retaining independence”, “C”: “To create a single national identity”, “D”: “To divide authority between national and local governments”}, “B”), (“Which of the following is an example of a ‘holding together’ federation?”, {“A”: “United States”, “B”: “Australia”, “C”: “India”, “D”: “Switzerland”}, “C”), (“What does the term ‘jurisdiction’ refer to in a federal system?”, {“A”: “The authority of the central government only”, “B”: “The area of legal authority defined geographically or by subject”, “C”: “Exclusive powers of state governments”, “D”: “The role of local governments in international relations”}, “B”), (“Which feature is unique to federal systems compared to unitary governments?”, {“A”: “Centralized control over all matters”, “B”: “No constitutionally guaranteed authority for local governments”, “C”: “Multiple levels of government with constitutionally defined powers”, “D”: “No separation of powers among levels of government”}, “C”), (“In a ‘holding together’ federation, which level of government usually has more power?”, {“A”: “State governments”, “B”: “Local governments”, “C”: “Central government”, “D”: “No government has more power”}, “C”), (“What is the primary difference between ‘coming together’ and ‘holding together’ federations?”, {“A”: “In ‘coming together’, states join voluntarily, while in ‘holding together’, a central authority divides power”, “B”: “In ‘holding together’, states have equal power as in ‘coming together'”, “C”: “Both systems centralize all powers”, “D”: “Neither system divides powers constitutionally”}, “A”), (“Which of the following countries is an example of a ‘coming together’ federation?”, {“A”: “India”, “B”: “Belgium”, “C”: “Switzerland”, “D”: “Spain”}, “C”), (“In a ‘holding together’ federation like India, which level of government usually holds more power?”, {“A”: “Local governments”, “B”: “State governments”, “C”: “Central government”, “D”: “Municipalities”}, “C”), (“Which characteristic is essential for the functioning of a federal system?”, {“A”: “Centralization of all legislative powers”, “B”: “Equality among all constituent states”, “C”: “Mutual trust and an agreement to live together”, “D”: “No written constitution”}, “C”), (“What is the role of the judiciary in a federal system?”, {“A”: “To enforce laws passed only by the central government”, “B”: “To resolve disputes between different levels of government”, “C”: “To manage state finances”, “D”: “To legislate on concurrent matters”}, “B”), (“What are the fundamental provisions of federalism that cannot be unilaterally changed?”, {“A”: “Provisions related to financial autonomy”, “B”: “Provisions specifying the jurisdiction of each level of government”, “C”: “Provisions related to the central government’s power”, “D”: “Provisions regarding the judiciary”}, “B”), (“Which body interprets disputes between different levels of government in a federal system?”, {“A”: “Parliament”, “B”: “President”, “C”: “Supreme Court”, “D”: “Local government”}, “C”), (“What is the role of courts in a federal system?”, {“A”: “To make laws on concurrent matters”, “B”: “To enforce the constitution”, “C”: “To interpret powers of different levels of government”, “D”: “To manage central government disputes”}, “C”), (“Which of the following levels of government has the power to legislate on ‘residuary’ subjects in India?”, {“A”: “Local Government”, “B”: “Union Government”, “C”: “State Government”, “D”: “Judiciary”}, “B”), (“What is the highest authority in the Indian federal system that acts as an umpire in case of disputes between different levels of government?”, {“A”: “President”, “B”: “Prime Minister”, “C”: “Supreme Court”, “D”: “State High Courts”}, “C”), (“What is the role of the judiciary in a federal system?”, {“A”: “To create laws for the state governments”, “B”: “To interpret the constitution and resolve disputes between levels of government”, “C”: “To control local governments”, “D”: “To administer elections for state legislatures”}, “B”), (“Which of the following subjects falls under the Union List in the Indian Constitution?”, {“A”: “Police”, “B”: “Agriculture”, “C”: “Defence”, “D”: “Health”}, “C”), (“In India, what is the term used for areas like Chandigarh and Lakshadweep that are directly controlled by the central government?”, {“A”: “Municipalities”, “B”: “Union Territories”, “C”: “Panchayats”, “D”: “Special Autonomous Regions”}, “B”), (“According to the Indian Constitution, which government has the power to legislate on ‘residuary’ subjects?”, {“A”: “Local governments”, “B”: “State governments”, “C”: “Union government”, “D”: “Panchayati Raj institutions”}, “C”), (“What is the purpose of the three-fold distribution of legislative powers in India?”, {“A”: “To centralize authority at the national level”, “B”: “To provide autonomy to local governments”, “C”: “To distribute powers between Union, State, and Concurrent Lists”, “D”: “To limit the powers of the judiciary”}, “C”), (“Which feature is necessary for the effective functioning of a federal system?”, {“A”: “Centralized authority over all matters”, “B”: “A written constitution that divides power between levels of government”, “C”: “A single dominant government controlling all policies”, “D”: “Absence of a legal framework to manage disputes”}, “B”), (“What type of federation involves independent states coming together to form a larger unit?”, {“A”: “Holding together federation”, “B”: “Coming together federation”, “C”: “Unitary system”, “D”: “Confederal system”}, “B”), (“How does a ‘holding together’ federation differ from a ‘coming together’ federation?”, {“A”: “All states have equal powers in a holding together federation”, “B”: “A ‘coming together’ federation usually involves a stronger central government”, “C”: “The central government retains more power in a ‘holding together’ federation”, “D”: “States have more autonomy in a holding together federation”}, “C”), (“Which of the following is an example of a ‘holding together’ federation?”, {“A”: “United States”, “B”: “Australia”, “C”: “India”, “D”: “Switzerland”}, “C”), (“What role does the constitution play in a federal system?”, {“A”: “It only grants authority to the central government”, “B”: “It specifies the jurisdictions of different levels of government”, “C”: “It allows any level of government to change power distribution”, “D”: “It eliminates the need for judicial review”}, “B”), (“Which country is an example of a unitary system, unlike Belgium?”, {“A”: “Switzerland”, “B”: “Australia”, “C”: “Sri Lanka”, “D”: “United States”}, “C”), (“What is the most common feature of a federal system?”, {“A”: “Power is concentrated at the national level”, “B”: “Multiple levels of government with specific jurisdictions”, “C”: “Only one level of government”, “D”: “Power is given to local governments exclusively”}, “B”), (“In the Indian context, which states have special powers under Article 371 due to their social and historical circumstances?”, {“A”: “Punjab and Haryana”, “B”: “Assam, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, and Mizoram”, “C”: “Gujarat and Maharashtra”, “D”: “Kerala and Tamil Nadu”}, “B”), (“What is the purpose of the Concurrent List in the Indian Constitution?”, {“A”: “To list subjects exclusive to state governments”, “B”: “To detail subjects exclusive to the union government”, “C”: “To include subjects where both union and state governments can legislate”, “D”: “To specify financial responsibilities of the state governments”}, “C”), (“In case of a conflict between state and union laws on a subject in the Concurrent List, which law prevails?”, {“A”: “State law”, “B”: “Local government law”, “C”: “Union law”, “D”: “The judiciary decides”}, “C”), (“What is the primary function of the judiciary in a federal system?”, {“A”: “To enforce laws made by the states”, “B”: “To interpret the constitution and resolve disputes between different levels of government”, “C”: “To make laws on concurrent subjects”, “D”: “To legislate on residuary subjects”}, “B”), (“In India, which level of government has the power to legislate on subjects in the State List?”, {“A”: “Union Government”, “B”: “State Government”, “C”: “Local Government”, “D”: “Judiciary”}, “B”), (“Which act ensures equal wages for equal work in India?”, {“A”: “The Equal Employment Act”, “B”: “The Equal Remuneration Act”, “C”: “The Employment Protection Act”, “D”: “The Fair Wages Act”}, “B”), (“What is the current child sex ratio in India according to recent census data?”, {“A”: “950”, “B”: “940”, “C”: “919”, “D”: “930”}, “C”), (“Which of the following statements is true about the representation of women in India’s legislature?”, {“A”: “Women hold more than 50% of seats in the Lok Sabha”, “B”: “Women’s representation in state assemblies is less than 5%”, “C”: “Women’s representation is the highest in rural panchayats”, “D”: “Women have equal representation across all government bodies”}, “B”), (“Which of the following policies has the Indian Constitution adopted to accommodate linguistic diversity?”, {“A”: “Declaring Hindi as the national language”, “B”: “Recognizing 22 scheduled languages and allowing states to choose their own official language”, “C”: “Imposing English as the only official language”, “D”: “Mandating bilingual education across all states”}, “B”), (“How does the Indian Constitution ensure flexibility in its language policy?”, {“A”: “By imposing a single language nationwide”, “B”: “By giving states the freedom to choose their official languages”, “C”: “By using only Hindi in parliamentary proceedings”, “D”: “By disallowing the use of English in any official capacity”}, “B”), (“What role does the judiciary play in the Indian federal system?”, {“A”: “Making laws for all states”, “B”: “Interpreting the Constitution and resolving disputes between different levels of government”, “C”: “Overseeing local elections”, “D”: “Deciding state policies on education”}, “B”), (“What has been the impact of coalition governments on Indian federalism since the 1990s?”, {“A”: “Increased centralization of power”, “B”: “A decline in the role of state governments”, “C”: “Strengthening of state autonomy and cooperation between states and the central government”, “D”: “Dissolution of state governments controlled by opposition parties”}, “C”), (“Which of the following is an outcome of India’s federal structure as observed in recent decades?”, {“A”: “Reduction in regional parties’ influence”, “B”: “A shift towards unitary governance”, “C”: “Emergence of coalition governments and regional parties’ participation at the central level”, “D”: “Abolition of state legislative assemblies”}, “C”), (“Which Indian law mandates equal pay for equal work, irrespective of gender?”, {“A”: “The Equal Rights Act, 1980”, “B”: “The Equal Employment Opportunity Act, 1975”, “C”: “The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976”, “D”: “The Gender Equality Act, 1985”}, “C”), (“What was the child sex ratio in India according to the Census of 2011?”, {“A”: “950”, “B”: “940”, “C”: “930”, “D”: “919”}, “D”), (“Which of the following best describes the impact of sex-selective abortion in India?”, {“A”: “It has led to a balanced child sex ratio”, “B”: “It has reduced the number of girls per thousand boys to 919”, “C”: “It has increased the population of girl children”, “D”: “It has had no impact on the child sex ratio”}, “B”), (“What is the literacy rate among women in India, as mentioned in the text?”, {“A”: “76%”, “B”: “60%”, “C”: “54%”, “D”: “48%”}, “C”), (“What is one reason cited for the lower proportion of women in highly paid and valued jobs in India?”, {“A”: “Lack of interest among women for such jobs”, “B”: “The absence of laws supporting women’s employment”, “C”: “Patriarchal attitudes leading to less educational opportunities”, “D”: “Higher competition from male candidates”}, “C”), (“Which list in the Indian Constitution includes subjects of both national and state interest?”, {“A”: “Union List”, “B”: “State List”, “C”: “Concurrent List”, “D”: “Residuary List”}, “C”), (“What kind of subjects are included in the Union List?”, {“A”: “Subjects related to local governance”, “B”: “Subjects of national importance like defense and foreign affairs”, “C”: “Subjects concerning agriculture and police”, “D”: “Subjects related to state trade policies”}, “B”), (“Which level of government has the power to legislate on subjects mentioned in the State List?”, {“A”: “Local Government”, “B”: “Union Government”, “C”: “State Government”, “D”: “Both Union and State Governments”}, “C”), (“What happens when there is a conflict between Union and State laws on a subject in the Concurrent List?”, {“A”: “The State law prevails”, “B”: “The Union law prevails”, “C”: “The matter is resolved by the local government”, “D”: “The laws are annulled”}, “B”), (“Who has the authority to legislate on ‘residuary’ subjects not mentioned in any list?”, {“A”: “State Government”, “B”: “Union Government”, “C”: “Local Government”, “D”: “Judiciary”}, “B”), (“What is the average literacy rate among women in India, as mentioned in the text?”, {“A”: “60%”, “B”: “70%”, “C”: “54%”, “D”: “80%”}, “C”), (“Which law in India mandates equal pay for equal work for men and women?”, {“A”: “The Gender Equality Act”, “B”: “The Employment Protection Act”, “C”: “The Equal Remuneration Act”, “D”: “The Women’s Rights Act”}, “C”), (“What is the child sex ratio in India as per the Census of 2011?”, {“A”: “950”, “B”: “940”, “C”: “930”, “D”: “919”}, “D”), (“What is a major reason cited for girls dropping out of school, despite performing well?”, {“A”: “Lack of interest”, “B”: “Parental preference for boys’ education”, “C”: “High cost of education”, “D”: “Poor school infrastructure”}, “B”), (“What does the sexual division of labor mean in the Indian context?”, {“A”: “Equal work opportunities for men and women”, “B”: “Men taking on more household responsibilities”, “C”: “Women managing household work without being recognized”, “D”: “Men and women sharing work equally”}, “C”), (“What is the literacy rate among women in India as mentioned in the document?”, {“A”: “60%”, “B”: “54%”, “C”: “70%”, “D”: “48%”}, “B”), (“Which law mandates equal wages for equal work regardless of gender in India?”, {“A”: “The Employment Protection Act”, “B”: “The Gender Equality Act”, “C”: “The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976”, “D”: “The Wage Regulation Act”}, “C”), (“What is the current child sex ratio in India according to the text?”, {“A”: “950”, “B”: “930”, “C”: “919”, “D”: “940”}, “C”), (“Why do many girls in India drop out of school despite good performance?”, {“A”: “Lack of interest”, “B”: “High cost of education”, “C”: “Parents prefer to spend resources on boys’ education”, “D”: “Inadequate school facilities”}, “C”), (“How much more time, on average, does an Indian woman work daily compared to an Indian man?”, {“A”: “One hour less”, “B”: “One hour more”, “C”: “Two hours more”, “D”: “Same amount of time”}, “B”),

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